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Stenogyne macrantha

Benth. (1830)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Lamiaceae Genus: Stenogyne

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Scandent or decumbent vines up to several m tall.

Stems: Stems terete (cylindrical), moderately to densely tomentose.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades broadly ovate or elliptic, 3–8.9 cm long, 1.7–5.6 cm wide. Apex acute. Base truncate to cordate. Surfaces moderately to densely tomentose; blades membranous. Margins dentate, serrate, or crenate. Petioles 7–24 mm long, densely tomentose. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers 6–8 per verticillaster, axillary, pedicels (5–)8–16 mm long, densely or rarely moderately tomentose. Calyx bilaterally symmetrical, campanulate, 8–17 mm long, enlarging in fruit, upper lip 3-lobed, lower lip 2-lobed, densely tomentose, the teeth acute, (1–)2–7 mm long, 2.5–5 mm wide at base, splitting longitudinally, usually persistent or sometimes only ventral 1/2 persistent. Corolla bilabiate, pale yellowish green, lobes slightly tinged brown, tomentose distally externally, glabrous or with scattered glandular hairs within, tube narrowly funnelform, strongly falcate, 12–28 mm long, upper lip 5–13 mm long, entire or 2-lobed, lower lip 4–11 mm long, 3-lobed, the lobes flat or margins revolute, ovate, of similar size, distal portion of corolla sparsely to densely pubescent externally, the hairs simple or multicellular, occasionally glandular pubescent within, otherwise glabrous; nectary disk often present at base of ovary, annular or developed on anterior side only. Stamens 4, both pairs of similar length or upper pair slightly longer, included within corolla or well–exserted beyond upper lip; filaments inserted near throat, pubescent; anthers dithecal; anther sacs divaricate, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate, each carpel longitudinally divided, placentation basal-axile; ovules 1 per ovary lobe; style 1, exserted, arising between lobes, usually cleft, diverging after anther dehiscence, shortly 2-lobed, the lobes subulate; stigmas 2.

Fruit: Nutlets ca. 6 mm long; 1-seeded; drupaceous; black at maturity; margins slightly winged; obliquely attached at base; included within calyx at maturity; exocarp fleshy; obovoid. Seeds with endosperm absent or scanty and oily.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in wet forest.

Elevation Range: 1,200–1,700 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 15: t. 1292 (1830)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:839 (H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Stenogyne macrantha West slope of Hualalai, Puulaalaau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3511 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-10
2 Stenogyne macrantha Kilauea Forest Reserve Preserved_Specimen Flowers white to pale cream. Mull, W.P. Hawaii BISH 1980-06-17
3 Stenogyne macrantha Kohala Mountain Preserved_Specimen flowers were pink on exterior - cream colored interior. Giffin, J. Hawaii BISH 1992-05-27
4 Stenogyne macrantha Kilauea Forest Reserve Preserved_Specimen Flowers white to pale cream. Mull, W.P. Hawaii BISH 1980-06-17
5 Stenogyne macrantha West slope of Hualalai, Puulaalaau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3511 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-10
6 Stenogyne macrantha Between Fern Forest and abandoned golf course near 29 Miles Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5393 Hawaii BISH 1929-11-22
7 Stenogyne macrantha Vicinity of Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH
8 Stenogyne macrantha Next to edge of 1926 flow, Tr 70, Sta 32, USFWS Forest Bird Survey Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1996 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-17
9 Stenogyne macrantha West slope of Hualalai, Puulaalaau Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3511 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-10
10 Stenogyne macrantha Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Duvall, F. Hawaii BISH 1987-03-10
11 Stenogyne macrantha Hamakua Preserved_Specimen Hawaii BISH
12 Stenogyne macrantha S Kona District, Pahoehoe 2 Ahupuaa, Tr 66(35), W slopes Mauna Loa, ca. 0.7 km N Kaohe 1950 & 1 km S Honokua 1950 flows Mesic koa-ohia forest w/other native trees & a native-exotic shrub & grass understory. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1125 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-26
13 Stenogyne macrantha Between Ohia and Koa Mills (opposite road leading to Hoopuloa), Hawaii, T.H. Trailing over lava flow Preserved_Specimen Flower; yellow with brownish tinge on upper outerside Degener, O. 5371 Hawaii BISH 1930-03-30
14 Stenogyne macrantha Kau District, Kilauea Forest Collected in a scattered Acacia - Metrosideros mixed forest with closed Cibotium understory. Preserved_Specimen A rare vine found growing to 3' in height and covering an area 8' x 12'. Excellent vigor. Clarke, G. 503 Hawaii BISH 1980-09-25
15 Stenogyne macrantha South Kona, Honaunau Forest Reserve, near Kealakekua Ranch `A`a substrate next to fallen log. Growing with Peperomia, Microlaena, Ctenitis, Dryopteris and Cibotium. Preserved_Specimen Creeping on groun. Davis, J. 266 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-31
16 Stenogyne macrantha Keauhou Ranch, (locality, TKT 1200', t4, about 80 ft. from transect) Closed Metrosideros - Acacia forest with mixed native understory. Preserved_Specimen Vine climbing 5 1/2' high on Rubus hawaiiensis and Myoporum. Area 8' x 6'. Flowers pale yellow, with overall pink tint, 4-6 per whorl. Fruit light yellow, fleshy when immature, dark brown mature fruit. Clarke, G. 450 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-25
17 Stenogyne macrantha Ahupuaa Olaa, SE slope of Mauna Loa beyond end of Wright Rd, Olaa tract of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Transect Pt Ha Station 18. Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Growing on Cibotium. Preserved_Specimen mostly epiphytic; pinkish/white flowers Jacobi, J.D. 360 Hawaii BISH 1974-05-02
18 Stenogyne macrantha Keauhou Ranch, near Puu kipu, at base Open Metrosideros - Acacia koa forest, with Alyxia, Dryopteris, area surrounded by Styphelia, Coprosma, Rubus, Myrsine, and Vaccinium calycinum. Preserved_Specimen Sterile. Area 15' x 15', climbing to 4' in windfall. Leaf max. size to 5 1/4 with 3 petiole (included in leaf measurement). Many young shoots. Davis, J. 218 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-13
19 Stenogyne macrantha South Kona Distr., Alika ahupuaa, Tr 69(25), SW slope Mauna Loa, 2-3 km. N of Hoopuloa 1926 and 0.5 km. S of Alika 1919 flows Mesic koa-ohia forest with other native trees and a native-exotic shrub and grass understory. Preserved_Specimen Corolla very pale green-white; stamens pale purple. Several plants seen in area. Warshauer, F.R. 2011 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-24
20 Stenogyne macrantha Kukuiopae 1-2 ahupuaa, South Kona Forest Reserve, South Kona. Growing from ground up into a medium Ohia. Approximately 300 meters south of 1950 lava flow. Growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Acacia koa, Ilex anomala, Cheirodendron trigynum subsp. Trigynum, Cibotium spp., Vaccinium calycinum, Ehrharta stipoides, Dryopteris wallichiana. Preserved_Specimen Flower color unknown. VanDeMark, J. 31 Hawaii BISH 2019-10-24
21 Stenogyne macrantha Laupahoehoe section of Hilo Forest Reserve, between Waipunalei Trail and Kaiwilahilahi Stream Growing in open ohia-koa forest with open understory of Cibotium glaucum, C. hawaiiense, & C. chamissoi, Ilex, Cheirodendron, Clermontia parviflora, Cyrtandra spp. and Nothocestrum. Preserved_Specimen Large patch, 40 x 40 ft., climbing to 5 ft. One infl. seen, corolla not open, cream yellow. Pubescence white. Davis, J. 666 Hawaii BISH 1982-02-02
22 Stenogyne macrantha Keauhou Ranch, (locality, TKT 1200', t4, about 80' off transect) Clombing on Rubus hawaiensis and Myoporum. Disturbed Metrosideros - Acacia forest with mixed native understory. Preserved_Specimen Vine climbing 5 1/2' high. Area 8' x 6'. Flowers pale yellow, overall pink tint, 4-6 per whorl. Fruit light yellow, fleshy when immature, dark brown mature fruit. Clarke, G. 450 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-25
23 Stenogyne macrantha Hilo Forest Reserve, Laupahoehoe Section, between Blair Rd. and Waipunalei Open Acacia koa-Metrosideros forest with understory of Cibotium, Cheirodendron, Coprosma, Antidesma, Psychotria, Gouldia, etc. Groundcover dominated by Athyrium sandwichianum. Preserved_Specimen Rare vine, spreading over ground and climbing to 6'. Only calyces and fruit present. Davis, J. 600 Hawaii BISH 1981-09-08
24 Stenogyne macrantha Manuka N.A.R., transect 4, above Hwy 11, across Kaulanamauna crossing S Kona-Kau Dist. Boundary, near Kahahawai forest with Cibotium, Sadleria, Myrsine, Dodonaea, Vaccinium, Styphelia, Coprosma. Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 10723 Hawaii BISH 1989-04-10
25 Stenogyne macrantha Kilauea Forest, Kau District, near boundary with Keauhou Ranch In open canopy Acacia koa - Metrosideros - Cibotium forest. Preserved_Specimen Hairy vine climbing to 8' on Cibotium glaucum. No flowers present. Cuddihy, L.W. 582 Hawaii BISH 1980-09-25
26 Stenogyne macrantha Between Ohia & Koa Mills (opposite rd leading to Hoopuloa) Trailing over lava flow. Preserved_Specimen Flower yellow w/brownish tinge on upper outside. Degener, O. 5371 Hawaii BISH 1930-03-30
27 Stenogyne macrantha Kau District, Kilauea Forest Closed Acacia koa - Metrosideros - Cibotium forest. Preserved_Specimen Locally frequent vine climbing hapu`u to 6'. No flowers or fruit seen. Davis, J. 379 Hawaii BISH 1980-09-25
28 Stenogyne macrantha W. H. Greenwell Ranch, S Kona Along new rd, through clinkers, wet primitive forest. Climbing on tree trunks. Preserved_Specimen Greenwell, A.B.H. 20182 Hawaii BISH 1949-10-04
29 Stenogyne macrantha S Kona District, Olelomoana 1 Ahupuaa, Tr 67(32), W slopes Mauna Loa, 1 km S Kaohe 1950 flow & 2.5 km N Kaapuna 1950 flow Mesic koa-ohia forest w/other native trees & a native-exotic shrub & grass understory. Preserved_Specimen In fruit. Warshauer, F.R. 2019 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-25
30 Stenogyne macrantha Puu Hualalai, Puuwaawaa Damp gulch, climbing on stump. Preserved_Specimen Flowers yellow. St.John, H. 11358 Hawaii BISH 1931-12-29
31 Stenogyne macrantha Laupahoehoe section of Hilo Forest Reserve, N Hilo District. Near jeep rd On Cibotium glaucum & young Acacia koa, in koa-ohia forest. Preserved_Specimen Vine growing in patch 15 x 20', sprawling on ground & climbing to 5'. No corollas present. Cuddihy, L.W. 924 Hawaii BISH 1981-11-02
32 Stenogyne macrantha Hilo Forest Reserve, Laupahpoehoe Section, betw Blair Rd & Waipunalei Rare vine, spreading over ground. Open Acacia koa-Metrosideros forest w/understory of Cibotium, Cheirodendron, Coprosma, Antidesma, Psychotria, Gouldia, etc. Groundcover dominated by Athyrium sandwichianum. Preserved_Specimen Vine spreading over ground and climbing to 6'. Only calyces & fruit present. Davis, J. 600 Hawaii BISH 1981-09-08
33 Stenogyne macrantha 2.4 mi N of old Volcano Rd along Wright Rd Dense fern forest of Olaa Tract, Occasional emergent ohia, uncommon, only one clone seen. Preserved_Specimen Leaves soft, flowers greenish-cream, slightly brown on corolla lobes, clambering over ferns. Weller, S.G. 833 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-28
34 Stenogyne macrantha Puu Kipu, Kulani Acacia-Metrosideros closed forest w/Pelea, Myoporum, Cheirodendron, Styphelia, Vaccinium. Groundcover is Dryopteris. Preserved_Specimen 10' ht, area ca. 10' x 15', few flwers seen, mostly empty calycies. Color cream-yellow tinted pink. 1 old flw preserved in white wine in film can, 4-6 at node. Jacobson, J.D. 1000 Hawaii BISH 1984-09-02
35 Stenogyne macrantha Hualalai; T-50, S-26 Preserved_Specimen Flowers pale, greenish yellow, some with maroon blotches and streaks. Gustafson, R. 2122 Hawaii BISH 1978-09-03
36 Stenogyne macrantha Kilauea Forest Collected high on hapu`u. Preserved_Specimen Kubo, K. Hawaii BISH 1978-06-05
37 Stenogyne macrantha Hoopuloa, S Kona Preserved_Specimen Flowers pale cream-colored. Rock, J.F.C. 25757 Hawaii BISH 1957-03-24
38 Stenogyne macrantha George Schattauer's yard, Ocean View Estates, Kona Coast Preserved_Specimen Flowers white. Herbst, D.R. 2003 Hawaii BISH 1971-07-15
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